The World from Berlin: In North Korea, 'Diplomacy Goes Further than Violence' - DER SPIEGEL
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The World from Berlin In North Korea, 'Diplomacy Goes Further than Violence'

North Korea has agreed to back away from its nuclear program, but the price was high. Just how successful will the six-party agreement reached on Tuesday be? Commentators in Germany disagree.
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The six-party talks aimed at getting North Korea to give up its nuclear weapons program achieved a major breakthrough on Tuesday. Pyongyang agreed to dismantle the Yongbyon nuclear facility in exchange for massive energy and humanitarian aid.

But many are concerned that North Korea got more out of the deal than the international community, especially as the country will hang on to its current nuclear arsenal pending further talks. Furthermore, there are questions about how Iran will interpret the deal. German commentators on Wednesday are also wary of the resulting agreement.

Don't rejoice too much about the six-party talks, warns the center-left Süddeutsche Zeitung. "The North Korean nuclear crisis is far from over."

"The next two months are largely a return to the situation in 2002 when the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) was monitoring Yongbyon nuclear power plant. The inspectors who were kicked out by North Korea can now re-board the plane to Pyongyang.

"Just last year US President George W. Bush's negotiators-- who'd always looked down on the conciliatory policies of his predecessor Bill Clinton -- demanded a 'complete, verifiable, and irreversible elimination' of North Korea's nuclear program. Little remains of this ambitious request. The reason is obvious: North Korea's nuclear test last October caused a political big bang that shook up Washington. And in the light of the chaos in Baghdad the Bush administration needed a diplomatic success.

"It remains unclear if North Korea is truly willing to give up its nuclear weapons…. And whether the US is really ready to fully recognize diplomatically the 'rogue' state North Korea, is equally doubtful. The fact that Washington's representatives now want to negotiate directly with the Koreans is the most important result of yesterday's agreements."

The Wednesday result is first and foremost the result of a change in US tactics, writes the center-right Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. "A lot of the things that George W. Bush ruled out for years have now become reality. (…) This is partly the result of North Korean audacity. On the other side, the conciliatory attitude shown by the Americans increased the pressure on Pyongyang. The specter of the 'evil American' could no longer be used as an excuse for blocking talks. What is more, the apparently painful economic sanctions seem to have been effective.

"The decisive question is how North Korea will deal with this success. So far, it seems, only the delegation in Beijing has agreed to the deal. The circle around leader Kim Jong Il still needs to make a decision. Is the regime just buying itself some security through its gradual retreat on the nuclear issue? Or will those who don't believe in such treaties win out in the end?

The business daily Handelsblatt compares the American stance on North Korea with the ones it takes with Iran. "The US has demonstrated more strategic skill in their negotiations with the representatives of Kim Jong Il than with its approach in the Middle East. Admittedly, North Korea and Iran are difficult to compare. In contrast to the economically run-down regime of North Korea that only manages to stay in power with the help of China, Iran is led by Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who is a populist, elected president."

"The Middle East is a far more dangerous conflict area than the Far East. But so far diplomacy has not had the desired effect. The example of North Korea could provide hints on how to solve the problem with Iran. (…) Iran must be included in a geopolitical role that enables the country to use its political and economic resources for peaceful purposes. The right formula doesn't exist yet. But if the six-party talks have shown one thing then it is this: Diplomacy goes further than violence."

-- Khue Pham, 2:15 CET